This is the error I'm getting after updating the git version on my jenkins server:
> git.exe config --get submodule.module.url # timeout=10
hudson.plugins.git.GitException: Command "git.exe config --get submodule.my-module.url" returned status code 1:
...
Caused: java.io.IOException: Could not perform submodule update
...
Finished: FAILURE
My solution was opening the .gitmodules file (a hidden file, found in the repo root) and adding "'.git" to the end of the url.
e.g.:
[submodule "my-module"]
path = my-module
url = git@bitbucket.org:name/my-module.git